文章摘要

快速康复理念个体化干预超高龄髋部骨折患者手术治疗的应用

作者: 1黄加强, 1刘忠, 1夏红, 1陈校明, 1蒋锐中, 1俞亚滨
1 湘潭市中心医院骨科一区,湖南 湘潭 411100
通讯: 刘忠 Email: 271424370@qq.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2019.08.017
基金: 湖南省科技创新平台与人才计划项目(2017SK4008)。

摘要

目的:探讨快速康复理念(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)个体化围手术期管理方案对超高龄髋部骨折这一特殊类型患者的应用价值。方法:将湘潭市中心医院骨科2016年1月1日至2018年1月1日期间外伤致髋部骨折并行人工双极头置换手术的43例超高龄(≥90岁)患者(股骨颈骨折及转子间骨折)分为ERAS组(n=25)和常规组(n=18)。ERAS组股骨颈骨折12例,转子间骨折13例,在ERAS个体化干预下行手术治疗;常规组股骨颈骨折8例,转子间骨折10例,常规手术治疗。比较两组术后疼痛(VAS评分)、并发症发生率、住院期间病死率及髋关节功能状态(Harris功能评分)及平均住院时间,随访并比较两组出院后3,6,12个月的病死率及髋关节功能状态。结果:ERAS组术后第1,3,7天VAS评分明显低于常规组(P<0.05);ERAS组25例患者住院期间无死亡,1例术后出现肺部感染,1例术后出现胃肠道反应;而常规组住院期间死亡3例,1例出现深静脉血栓,2例出现肺部感染,2例术后出现胃肠道反应。住院期间ERAS组病死率及并发症发生率明显低于常规组;ERAS组住院时间为(14.13±2.55) d,明显低于常规组手术组(25.13±3.68) d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERAS组出院当天及出院后第3个月髋关节Harris功能评分显著高于常规手术组(P<0.05),但出院后第6,12个月差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后随访3,6,12个月两组新增病死率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:对于超高龄髋部骨折患者,人工双极头置换是一种很好的选择,个体化ERAS围手术期管理方案能显著减轻术后疼痛、降低术后并发症发生率、改善术后功能、缩短住院时间,降低住院期间病死率。
关键词: 快速康复理念;个体化;超高龄;髋部骨折

Application of enhanced recovery after surgery individualized in the treatment of over-aged patients with hip fracture

Authors: 1HUNAG Jiaqiang, 1LIU Zhong, 1XIA Hong, 1CHEN Xiaoming, 1JIANG Ruizhong, 1YU Yabin
1 First Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan Hunan 411100, China

CorrespondingAuthor: LIU Zhong Email: 271424370@qq.com

DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2019.08.017

Foundation: This work was supported by Hunan Provincial Scientific and Technological Innovation Platform and Talent Planning Project, China (2017SK4008).

Abstract

Objective: To explore the ERAS individualized perioperative management scheme for the application value of the Over-aged patients with hip fracture. Methods: Forty-three patients with traumatic hip fracture, femoral neck fracture and intertrochanteric fracture in First Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital of Xiangtan City from Jan 1st, 2016 to Jan 1st, 2018 were divided into an ERAS group (n=25) and a conventional group (n=10). The EARS group, including 12 cases of femoral neck fracture and 13 cases of intertrochanteric fracture, received surgery under ERAS individualized intervention. The routine group received routine surgical treatment, including 8 cases of femoral neck fracture and 10 cases of intertrochanteric fracture. The postoperative pain (VAS score), the incidence of complications, the mortality of hospitalization, the functional status of the hip (Harris function score), and the average length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The patients in both groups were followed up in 3rd, 6th and 12th month after surgery, respectively, and the mortality and the functional status of the hip joint were compared. Results: The VAS score was significantly lower in the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after the eperation in the ERAS group than the normal group (P<0.05). No patients died in the ERAS group during the hospitalization, 1 case showed pulmonary infection, and 1 showed gastrointestinal reaction after operation. And in the conventional group there were 2 cases of hospitalization death, 1 cases of deep vein thrombosis, 1 cases of lung infection, and 2 cases of postoperative appeared gastrointestinal reaction. The incidence of mortality and complications in the ERSA group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group; the average length of hospital stay was (14.13±2.55) d in the ERAS group, which was significantly lower than that in the conventional group (25.13±3.68) d, the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). The Harris function score for the hip joint was significantly higher than that of the conventional operation group in the 3rd month and after discharge from the hospital for the first day (P<0.05), but no difference in the 6th and the 12th months after discharge (P>0.05). There was no difference in the new mortality rate between the two groups in 3, 6 and 12 months after the surgery (P>0.05). Conclusion: Individualized ERAS perioperative management scheme can significantly relieve postoperative pain, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, improve postoperative function, shorten the length of hospital stay, and lower in-hospital mortality for over-aged hip fracture patients.
Keywords: enhanced recovery after surgery; individualized; over-aged; hip fracture

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