Objective: To translate the English-version 16-item Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Osteoporosis (ECOS-16) questionnaire into Chinese, and to examine its reliability and validity among osteoporosis patients. Methods: The English-version questionnaire was translated into Chinese. Based on convenience sampling, 97 osteoporosis patients were investigated. Data was collected, and project analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and inspection and analysis on criterion validity, content validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability etc. were conducted. Results: In terms of validity, there were 16 entries on Chinese-version ECOS-16 questionnaire, and each entry was of good identification validity. In terms of construct validity, there were three dimensions, i.e., pain, body function and mental function and they could explain 69.3% of the variance contribution rate together. The factor loading degree of the entries varied from 0.501 to 0.863; the communality varied from 0.479 to 0.733; the correlation with the total score varied from 0.483 to 0.822. All fit indexes were within the reasonable range. In terms of criterion-related validity, the relevant coefficients of all dimensions on the questionnaire and corresponding dimensions on SF-36 varied from −0.632 to −0.489 (P<0.01). The content validity of all entries varied from 0.94 to 1.0. The total content validity of the scale was 0.90. The correlation coefficient with different dimensions varied from 0.406 to 0.465 (P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient with each dimension and the total scale varied from 0.635 to 0.732 (P<0.05). In terms of reliability, the total Cronbachs’ α was 0.898 and the test-retest reliability was 0.918. Conclusion: Chinese-version ECOS-16 is of high reliability and validity, and is suitable for evaluating the quality of life of Chinese osteoporosis patients.