Objective: To investigate the incidence of accidental awareness during general anesthesia in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and analyze the risk factors of accidental awareness. Methods: A total of 5 816 patients who received general anesthesia were enrolled in between March 2015 to December in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Patients were interviewed with improved Brice questionnaire survey at the first and the third day after operation. The improved Brice questionnaire were: 1) What is the last thing you remember before going to sleep? 2) What is the first thing you remember when waking up? 3) Do you remember anything between going to sleep and waking up? 4) Did you dream during your procedure? 5) What was the worst thing about your operation? Patients were classified into awareness, possible awareness and no awareness according to the method used by Sandin. The logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors. Results: The results indicated that fifteen cases (0.26%) were reported as awareness and four cases (0.07%) as possible awareness. Forty patients (0.69%) had dreams during general anesthesia. Awareness was associated with a previous anesthesia. Using midazolam might prevent awareness during operation. Conclusion: Awareness was associated with a previous anesthesia. There were higher incidence in obstetric surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and anesthesia methods of total intravenous anesthesia.